Concurrency – Synchronize resources using ReentrantLock in java (example)

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  • Given shared resources in java.
  • Synchronize shares resources using Lock interface.
    • We will use ReentrantLock to protect share resources.
  • A lock is a tool for controlling access to a shared resource by multiple threads.
  • Lock implementations provide more extensive locking operations than can be obtained using synchronized methods and statements.
  • We create five threads, which will be used to transfer file from one system to another.
  • We will use Lock interface to synchronize file transfer threads.

1. TransferFile Class:

  • TransferFile class is responsible for transferring file from one machine to another machine.
  • We will generate a random number and introduce sleep to simulate the time taken to transfer file.
package org.learn.sync.lk;
 
import java.io.File;
import java.util.Random;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.Lock;
import java.util.concurrent.locks.ReentrantLock;
import static java.lang.Thread.sleep;
 
public class TransferFile {
 
    private Lock lock = new ReentrantLock();
    private Random random = new Random();
 
    public void transfer(File file/*file to transfer*/) {
 
        int time = random.nextInt(200);
        lock.lock();
        try {
            System.out.printf("Sending file to another machine,time required: %d\n", time);
            //transferring file to another server machine
            sleep(time);
        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

2. FileTransferJob Class:

  • FileTransferJob class is Thread class.
  • FileTransferJob class invoke TranferFile class, which actually transfer file from one system to another system.
  • In run method, we pass dummy file to TransferFile class.
package org.learn.sync.lk;
 
import java.io.File;
 
public class FileTransferJob extends Thread {
 
    private TransferFile transferFile;
 
    public FileTransferJob(TransferFile transferFile) {
        this.transferFile = transferFile;
    }
 
    @Override
    public void run() {
        File dummyFile = new File("");
        System.out.printf("%s, Start sending dummy file to another machine\n",getName());
        transferFile.transfer(dummyFile);
        System.out.printf("%s,Successfully sent file to another machine\n",getName());
    }
}

3. LockExample Class:

  • LockExample class containing main method to test lock (or ReentrantLock) in java.
  • We will create five FileTransferJob Threads to transfer from file one system to another system.
package org.learn.sync.lk;
 
public class LockExample {
 
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
 
        for(int job = 0 ; job < 5; job++) {
            FileTransferJob transferJob = new FileTransferJob(new TransferFile());
            transferJob.start();
        }
    }
}

4. Output: Synchronize resources using ReentrantLock in java (example)

Thread-0, Start sending dummy file to another machine
Thread-4, Start sending dummy file to another machine
Thread-3, Start sending dummy file to another machine
Thread-2, Start sending dummy file to another machine
Thread-1, Start sending dummy file to another machine
Sending file to another machine,time required: 47
Sending file to another machine,time required: 81
Sending file to another machine,time required: 126
Sending file to another machine,time required: 8
Sending file to another machine,time required: 44
Thread-0,Successfully sent file to another machine
Thread-1,Successfully sent file to another machine
Thread-2,Successfully sent file to another machine
Thread-3,Successfully sent file to another machine
Thread-4,Successfully sent file to another machine

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